One thing to keep in mind, though, is that the flavonoid content of this extract can depend on if the extract is taken from the roots or the leaves, as well as if it’s a water extraction or an alcohol extraction. Of course, it cannot make a miracle but it might have some effect via regulating microcirculation and normalizing the metabolism in the cells of connective tissues. Citrus Paradisi (Grapefruit) Fruit Extract, Chamomilla Recutita (Matricaria) Flower Extract, Fragaria Vesca (Strawberry) Fruit Extract, Citrus Grandis (Grapefruit) Fruit Extract, Melaleuca Alternifolia (Tea Tree) Extract, Hamamelis Virginiana (Witch Hazel) Extract, Linum Usitatissimum (Linseed) Seed Extract, Read all the geeky details about Propylene Glycol here >>, You can read all about the pure form here, Read all the geeky details about Salicylic Acid here >>, Read all the geeky details about Camellia Sinensis Leaf Extract here >>, Read all the geeky details about Glycolic Acid here >>, Read all the geeky details about Lactic Acid here >>, Read all the geeky details about Mandelic Acid here >>, 14% added alcohol according to the USP specifications, alcohol is, at best drying, and at worst skin-damaging, It's a helper ingredient that improves the freeze-thaw stability of products, It's also a solvent, humectant and to some extent a penetration enhancer, It has a bad reputation among natural cosmetics advocates but cosmetic scientists and toxicology experts do not agree (read more in the geeky details section), It's one of the gold standard ingredients for treating problem skin, It can exfoliate skin both on the surface and in the pores, It's more effective for treating blackheads than acne, For acne combine it with antibacterial agents like benzoyl peroxide or azelaic acid, Green tea is one of the most researched natural ingredients, The active parts are called polyphenols, or more precisely catechins (EGCG being the most abundant and most active catechin), There can be huge quality differences between green tea extracts. But according to a comparative study done in 1995, citric acid has less skin improving magic properties than glycolic or lactic acid. Another study even suggested that licorice is more effective than the gold standard skin-lightening agent hydroquinone. :) You are almost done: please check your mailbox to confirm your email! Good old water, aka H2O. Usually the main solvent in cosmetic products. Cosmetic companies use it mainly for its anti-inflammatory properties. What research does confirm about Aloe is that it’s a great moisturizer and has several anti-inflammatory (among others contains salicylates, polysaccharides, magnesium lactate and C-glucosyl chromone) as well as some antibacterial components. The leaves contain hardly any tannins (0.04%) or catechins and contain a medium amount of gallic acid (compared to the bark and twigs). It is eaten as a leaf vegetable, and also has a long history of use in traditional Chinese medicine, including as an attempted treatment for SARS (it didn’t really work). The topical application (meaning when you put it on your face) of 0.5% glabridin was shown to inhibit UVB caused pigmentation of guinea pigs. She is known worldwide as The Cosmetics Cop and creator of Paula’s Choice Skincare. It is aromatic and spiny. Also well-known vasoconstrictor and promotes skin healing. Combined with Usnea Barbata and Pulsatilla Koreana, these three extracts are claimed to form a natural preservative system that also has anti-inflammatory effects and might help with skin conditions such as blemishes, atopic dermatitis, and dandruff. Click Here. It’s used to treat several skin diseases that are connected to inflammation including atopic dermatitis, rosacea or eczema. Manufacturers still mention soothing, antimicrobial, purifying and antiseptic. An AHA that comes from bitter almond. Your Query - This is a community service. PubMed:Polyphenolic constituent structures of Zanthoxylum piperitum fruit and the antibacterial effects of its polymeric procyanidin … Citric acid comes from citrus fruits and is an AHA. So if you see only Witch Hazel Extract or Witch Hazel Water on the ingredient list, it's a bit hard to know what you're actually getting but we will try to summarize the possibilities to give an idea. It makes skin beautiful and radiant. Fragrance in the US and parfum in the EU is a generic term on the ingredient list that is made up of 30 to 50 chemicals on average (but it can have as much as 200 components!). The main active components in the plant are these fancy chemicals called flavonoids. It promotes cell regrowth. You might know licorice as a sweet treat from your childhood, but it's actually a legume that grows around the Mediterranean Sea, the Middle East, central and southern Russia. We have seen extracts with only 4% glabridin as well as 40% glabridin. The twigs contain fewer catechins, less gallic acid, and much less hamamelitannin (4.77% vs 0.18%). Nice to spot on any ingredient list. Another thing Houttuynia cordata extract contains are polysaccharides, i.e. An AHA that comes from citrus fruits. It's a famous plant in Korean traditional medicine to treat infection and irritated skin. Well-known skin care expert, Paula Begoun rates witch hazel as poor and says,  "depending on the form of witch hazel, you’re exposing your skin either to a sensitizing amount of alcohol or to tannins, or both." It's also a solvent, humectant and to some extent a penetration enhancer. The bark extract contains by far the most hamamelitannin and it has the most gallic acid and catechins. A big molecule created from repeated subunits (a polymer of acrylic acid) that magically converts a liquid into a nice gel formula. Last but not least, we also found an in-vitro (made in test tubes) study showing that houttuynia cordata extract had strong anti-allergic effects and could be helpful in treating skin allergies such as eczema (atopic dermatitis). As for the skin benefits of Zanthoxylum Piperitum, it might have antioxidant effects (with active components called hyperoside and quercitrin), but more importantly, it is an antibacterial and natural preservative agent. A natural polymer (big molecule from repeated subunits) that can be found in the cell wall of green plants. It usually comes to the formula combined with Zanthoxylum Piperitum and Usnea Barbata, as the three extracts make up a popular Korean natural preservative system trade named EURO-NApre. All of these exhibit anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antibacterial properties. An error has occurred. Bottom line: Licorice is a great skincare ingredient with significant depigmenting, anti-inflammatory and even some antioxidant properties. The most common skincare ingredient of all. It’s traditionally used to improve small wounds, burns and scratches and it’s also a well known anti-inflammatory agent for eczema. Paula’s expertise has led to hundreds of appearances on national and international radio, print, and television including: They observed 309 children and concluded that both ointments were similarly effective but the one with Hamamelis was even better tolerated (98.2% vs. 92.3% tolerated well the ointments in the two groups). It’s the number one cause of contact allergy to cosmetics. Combined with Usnea Barbata and Pulsatilla Koreana, it is part of a popular Korean preservative system called EURO-NApre. The main biologically active components in Witch Hazel are hamamelitannin (a potent astringent and antioxidant), catechins (anti-inflammatory and antioxidant) and gallic acid (antibacterial). Anti-Inflammatory component is glycyrrhizin in gotu kola as normal people call it - has great anti-inflammatory some. 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