14, No. This type of electrode incorporates a special ion-sensitive membrane which may be glass, a crystalline inorganic material or an organic ion-exchanger. 887-912. More than 20 ions can be determined by ISE, for example cations such as: Ag+, Na+, K+, Ca2+, Cu2+ and anions like: F-, Cl-, S2-, CN-. Some fluorosis may occur when the fluoride level exceeds the recommended limits. A disfigurement in teeth of humans known as mottled enamel or dental fluorosis is occured in those, who consume waters with fluoride content in excess of 1.0 mg/L. L. L. Thatcher. Experiment: Ion-selective determination of fluoride The development of ion-selective electrodes (ISE) makes possible the determination of the concentration of ions of choice using selectively sensitive electrode membranes. Emi K. Horikawa, Richard Steelman, Thomas L. Flanagan, Edward J. In rare instances, the naturally occurring fluoride concentration may approach 10 mg/L. Fluoride in Drinking-water, Background document for development of WHO Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality, is an update of the background document published in the second edition of the Guidelines. 12, pp. Fluoride Determination in Water: An Optimum Buffer System for Use With the Flouride-Selective Electrode. Modified Zirconium-Eriochrome Cyanine R Determination of Fluoride. About Fluoride Determination by Ion-Selective Electrode Fluoride is present in water and many food products. Van Loon. Analytical Letters: Vol. Determination of Fluoride Ion Using an Ion Selective Electrode INTRODUCTION In recent years direct potentiometry has become important as an analytical technique largely because of the development of ion-selective electrodes (ISE). Spectrometric Determination of Fluoride in Water, Soil and Vegetables from *Corresponding Author:Elaoyi D. Small concentrations are beneficial to health, but large concentrations are toxic. and Okibe F.G. Department of Chemistry, Ahmadu Bello University, … The update was prepared by Mr J. Fawell, United Kingdom, to whom special thanks are due. Measurement is performed conveniently with inexpensive equipment. This article is cited by 33 publications. (1981). Paul., Department of Chemistry, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria Phone: +2348034523272 E-Mail: edpaul@abu.edu.ng the Precinct of River Basawa, Zaria, Nigeria *Paul E.D., Gimba C.E., Kagbu J.A., Ndukwe G.I. Fluoride may occur naturally in water or it may be added in controlled amounts. This article is cited by 22 publications. Principle Fluorides in excessive quantities and absence of fluorides in water, both create problems. Determination of Fluoride in Water . Aim To determine the fluorides present in water. * Corresponding Author: Elaoyi D principle Fluorides in excessive quantities and absence of Fluorides in Water it! To whom special thanks are due the fluoride level exceeds the recommended.. 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