The culture that is present in any given place is the result of a combination of local development and ideas imported from other places. There are five primary religions in the world today: Christianity, Islam, and Judaism (the Western religions) and Hinduism and Buddhism (the Eastern religions). Consider Figure 2, which shows a picture of a typical US suburb, with detached single-family homes surrounded by grassy yards along a quiet residential street. You had to make value judgments about what your goals are as a student (based on such factors as your expectations about the job market, parental pressures, or desire to avoid certain types of classwork), and evaluate the materials in the course catalog and advice from others to decide which courses best satisfied your goals. The diffusion of cultural traits leaves its mark on the landscape. The Interpretation of Ordinary Landscapes: Geographical Essays. by adopting new military technologies or forms of economic organization. DO NOT recopy the text – choose your details wisely. A person without culture would be unable to figure out what's going on in their world and successfully navigate it. Other times it is more subtle, as in the case of the different ethnic groups (African Americans, Dutch, Native Americans) who have lived in the area of Camden shown in Figure 3. Uneven Development: Nature, Capital, and the Production of Space. Start studying AP Human Geography Chapter 6: Culture and Cultural Landscapes Vocabulary. But even actions that are perfectly rational choices are still part of culture. 1990. Those are all processes that make up culture. They began to pull up stakes and move, for example to the "sun belt" of the southern US, where they could access cheaper non-unionized labor. Popular culture is rapidly diffused around the world among heterogeneous societies, often through mass communication. 1979. AP Human Geography Review - Unit 3 DRAFT. Bastien, J. W. 1978. The symbolic value of a given landscape may be contested between different groups. Cambridge: Polity Press. Christians use churches, Jews use synagogues, Muslims use mosques, Hindus use temples, and Buddhists use pagodas. bianca.a.woodard. The largest language family is the Indo-European family of which there are many branches, including the Romance and the Germanic languages. In some cases, diffusion is caused by the movement of people. Meinig, D.W., ed. Richard Nice. As a religion claiming universal truth and adherence to a specific set of written scriptures, Christianity would seem to be a pretty clearly bounded and defined cultural practice, easy to distinguish from the rest of the culture it exists within and easy to move as a package to another cultural context. Folk culture is practiced by relatively small, homogeneous populations in particular areas, often communicated through oral tradition. But structures are also not just statistical regularities in people's behavior (the way laws in natural science are just regularities in the way that, for example, increased carbon concentrations in the atmosphere lead to warmer temperatures). Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Cultural landscape can be defined as (A) the types of art, music, dance, and theater practiced in a particular region (B) the ways that people in differing cultures perceive the environment (C) the forms superimposed on the physical environment by the activities of humans (D) the diversity of distinctive cultures within a particular geographic area Then you had to navigate the course registration system, using your computer skills. Those Phoenix residents who might like to shift to a less car-oriented culture will find the landscape to be an obstacle to instituting more bus service or encouraging people to walk to the store. Phoenix has wide roads often without sidewalks, large parking lots at most destinations, and a very spread-out arrangement of homes and businesses. 2009. It is common for people in one society to take up cultural traits they learned from another. Diffusionism and acculturation. They sought to wipe traces of the native religion off the landscape as well as out of the hearts of the people. The towns and cities that grew up around these factories involved not only a huge investment of relatively immobile infrastructure in those locations, but also a cultural investment -- places like Detroit or Worcester became "home" for people and fostered the development of social networks. Sometimes this is done with active enthusiasm. And it was a big opportunity for people in sun belt areas. Under Soviet rule, the city's name was changed to "Leningrad" to reflect a rejection of Peter's pro-Western views and to honor the country's first communist leader, Vladimir Lenin. Mountain of the Condor: Metaphor and Ritual in an Andean Ayllu. A person transported directly to your university from a remote village in New Guinea would be at a complete loss as to how to enroll in classes -- while you would be similarly lost if dropped in that village. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. The result was a version of Catholicism in which the various Catholic saints and apparitions of Jesus or the Virgin Mary were matched up to huacas with similar significance, and the old rituals associated with those places were blended with Catholic celebrations (Figure 4). Directions: Complete the worksheet that follows based on your reading of the text. Public Culture 2(2) : 1-24. Michael D. Murphy. Spell. Gravity. The deeper content of Christianity was modified too. We refer to such landscapes as symbolic landscapes (Meinig 1979). For example, when British immigrants came to what is now the United States, they brought the English language. Valentine, G. 1993. 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