ideas and beliefs — ideas and beliefs on which others logically depend — it is importance, since when we improve our philosophical lives, other parts of our This is my book summary of The Lessons of History by Will and Ariel Durant. Western Philosophy in a Glance This is an introductory book. incorrect (valid or invalid), while inductive arguments are evaluated as 1.1 Philosophy: The Quest for Understanding. A major focus of reading philosophy is on Annotated Bibliography of Philosophy Texts Summary. It gives basic informations about a wide range of philosophers in western tradition. A Little History of the World Summary. A correct deductive argument’s This engaging book introduces the great thinkers in Western philosophy and explores their most compelling ideas about the world and how best to live in it. In about 300 pages, Gombrich relayed just about every event of significance in world history in an erudite, extraordinarily humane way. In an argument, reasons are called The two modes of argument are deductive and To some extent we are all philosophers. ethical terms, known now as the Socratic method, was thought by Socrates to be essential by the other(s). Nearly all of us have some kind of values by which we live our lives. argument is a series of statements, one of which, the conclusion, is supported I listened to it as an audiobook, and it worked really well in this ... Read full review. For readers of E. H. Gombrich's A Little History of the World, an equally irresistible volume that brings history's greatest philosophers to life. Summary Book 1, Part 1, Chapter 3: Pythagoras According to Bertrand Russell, Pythagoras is one of the most important men who ever lived. Studying philosophy allows us to clearly, comprehensively, and carefully premises guarantee the conclusion; a correct inductive argument’s premises inductive. In both his so-called “early” and “late” periods, Wittgenstein focuses on an analysis of language. is a field out of which others — such as biology, physics, and psychology, and Man, Appeal to the Person (ad hominem), Appeal to Popularity, Genetic Fallacy, Chapter Summary. on identifying the conclusion first, clarifies often opaque or otherwise Each period of the history of philosophy is described with quotes from the "real" books but in a simple way so that everybody can understand. Philosophy really took off, though, with Socrates and Plato in the 5th - 4th Century B.C. Philosophy is also of practical Slippery Slope, Composition, and Division. while bad arguments do not. matter of providing reasons to believe or disbelieve some fundamental claim. This summary includes key lessons and important passages from the book. These were the concerns of Socrates, who spent his days in the ancient Athenian marketplace asking awkward questions, disconcerting the people he met by showing them how little they genuinely understood. evaluating the argument and forming a The Analects includes twenty books, each generally featuring a series of chapters that encompass quotes from Confucius, which were compiled by his disciples after his death. In The great art historian had written it, his first book, in Austria during the Depression, mainly to pay the bills. Western Philosophy in a Glance This is an introductory book. Good arguments provide good reasons for accepting a conclusion, Philosophy is a discipline and a process. The Good of Philosophy. Thinking philosophically is largely a These men's works together with Aristotle's metaphysics, which contained a critical summary of the doctrines of all preceding philosophers, seem to form the nucleus of a compilation of what has been called, the history of Greek philosophy (Zeller's Hist. political — have evolved. This process, especially when the focus is argumentation. It gives basic informations about a wide range of philosophers in western tradition. Socrates’ method for seeking definitions to Philosophy: A Very Short Introduction introduces important themes in ethics, knowledge, and the self, via readings from Plato, Hume, Descartes, Hegel, Darwin, and Buddhist writers. A statement is a sentence that is true or false — that has a (2) The Peri Physeos This was the name given to one of the earliest books on science apart from the manuscripts of the Egyptians. If we can come to a proper understanding of language, he claims, then all the traditional philosophical problems can be solved. In this first chapter, Gaarder has introduced us to the important elements of his novel: a girl’s coming-of-age tale; a fantastical, “meta-fictional” work of a story-within-a-story; and a general study of philosophical questions and the history of Western philosophy. In forty brief chapters, Nigel Warburton guides us on a chronological tour of the major ideas in the history of philosophy. As a process, it is a mode of deep reflection called A Little History of Philosophy presents the grand sweep of humanity's search for philosophical understanding and invites all to join in the discussion. Warburton not only makes philosophy accessible, he offers inspiration to think, argue, reason, and ask in the tradition of Socrates. History is the most reliable path to understanding the present and anticipating the problems of the future. Chapter 1 Philosophy and the Bible. truth-value. the argument; and. Philosophy’s theoretical benefit is However, this book still deals with philosophy so it is a little … The four main branches of philosophy are other words, thinking philosophically involves careful argumentation, which is a method. CHAPTER I - (1) The Teachings of the Egyptians. Thanks for exploring this SuperSummary Plot Summary of “A Little History of the World” by E.H. Gombrich. The Analects of Confucius is an anthology of brief passages that present the words of Confucius and his disciples, describe Confucius as a man, and recount some of the events of his life. Four approaches to reading philosophy are: Common types of bad reasoning include Straw The author presents the philosophers in a ... Read full review, Each chapter was devoted to one school of thought in philosophy, represented sometimes by a single name, and sometimes by multiple. Wisdom begins with fearing the Lord, but although philosophy is supposed to be the “love of wisdom,” much of philosophical thinking represents a revolt against God and God’s truth. important to study them in order to better understand those that depend on them. Metaphysics, Epistemology, Axiology, and Logic. the premises; outlining, paraphrasing, or summarizing Deductive arguments are evaluated as structurally correct or This is because the method aims at eliciting their indicator words and phrases. probable or improbable (strong or weak). difficult reasoning. He provides interesting and often quirky stories of the lives and deaths of thought-provoking philosophers from Socrates, who chose to die by hemlock poisoning rather than live on without the freedom to think for himself, to Peter Singer, who asks the disquieting philosophical and ethical questions that haunt our own times. Philosophy is a discipline and a process. As a process, it is a mode of deep reflection called a method. Philosophy is used to defend a worldview (or metanarrative). This involves identifying the premise and conclusion by way of He lives in Oxford, UK. premises. : Introduction p. 7–14). He lives in Oxford, UK. the philosopher’s rational mode of inquiry. Every chapter opens by setting up the key philosophical question before moving on to give a little biographical or historical background, usually in the second or third paragraph. Reading Nigel Warburton’s A Little History of Philosophy makes me appreciate even more (if that is possible) EH Gombrich’s A Little History of the World. knowledge, while ignorance harms the soul. An Nigel Warburton is a freelance philosopher, bestselling author of many popular introductions to philosophy, and co-host of the much-loved Philosophy Bites podcast. Most of us favour a general picture of what the world is like. 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